In April 2005, Governor Bill Richardson signed an executive order establishing the first New Mexico Music Commission. In his statement Governor Richardson said, "New Mexico has a rich and treasured musical tradition. Diverse and vibrant, it is time to recognize the contributions of the thousands of New Mexico musicians and to work with them to preserve our heritage, promote continued creativity and assist the state's music industry in reaching its full potential." In 2009, the New Mexico Legislature underscored the importance of the Commission by enacting legislation making it a permanent part of the Department of Cultural Affairs.

The New Mexico Music Commission works throughout the state and with other state agencies such as the Tourism and Film Departments to further develop and promote New Mexico's many musical traditions, from the ancient melodies of New Mexico's Native nations, tribes and pueblos, to the chart topping current hits of New Mexico resident and country music star Randy Travis and the state's thousands of Mariachi musicians.

Administratively a component of New Mexico Arts, The New Mexico Music Commission comprises 15 individuals representing artists, event promoters and industry executives from throughout the state. The Commission draws upon the diverse experiences and interests of these individuals as it seeks to heighten awareness of New Mexico music and broaden the economic opportunities for New Mexico artists through a variety of events, promotions and activities.